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May 4th, 2025

Ninety years ago today, May 4th, 1935: while the North Star and St Mihiel were a couple days out from Seward with the first boatloads of colonists and workers, survey crews in the Matanuska Valley had been on the ground for just one month, laying out two hundred 40- and 80-acre farm tracts and Palmer’s new town center.
Anton Anderson, an experienced engineer from Anchorage, was put in charge of three survey crews who left for the Valley on April 4th, with snow still on the ground. Colony director Don Irwin described in his memoir how conflicting orders from Juneau briefly had Anderson’s three crews replaced by a Juneau outfit. With much to be done and no time to lose, Irwin insisted Anderson’s men be put back on the job. Irwin wrote: “It is well that the four crews proceeded with the survey. They completed their work the day before the colonists drew their tracts.”
From the PMHA Anton Anderson collection. Anderson and his family lived in Palmer from 1935 to 1937. He was a talented surveyor and engineer who later oversaw construction of the Whittier Tunnel, and at various times served as chief engineer of the Alaska Railroad, mayor of Anchorage, and president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Clipping from the Anchorage Times, April 4th 1935.
ARRC map of the Matanuska Valley, drawn by Anton Anderson, showing all the Colony farm tracts
Detail of the 1937 ARRC map
 

The same area as previous, showing land ownership in 1932. Map from Ralph Hulbert’s map collection.

“It is not generally known that homesteaders had owned most of the better lands in the Matanuska Valley for 20 years before the Colony was founded. Persons familiar with the Valley during that period reported that 117 families were living here in 1934. Their holdings amounted to 23,000 acres of which about 1,000 had been cleared and cropped. . . .
The ARRC optioned more than 7,500 acres during the spring of 1935. Attempts were made to buy all homesteaded lands in the withdrawn area for Colony purposes. . .
Between 1935 and 1938 the Corporation bought 7,700 acres from private owners for $48,814. . .
Land was even purchased from the Federal government. . . Purchase was made to acquire title to tracts allotted colonists from government-owned land under Executive Order 7416.
The Corporation received no free land. Privately owned lands (7,940 acres) and public domain (5,083 acres) totalling 13,023 acres cost $67,063 or about $5.15 per acre.”

-from Matanuska Valley Memoir by Hugh Johnson and Keith Stanton, a 1955 bulletin of the University of Alaska Experiment Station in Palmer.

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